Waste Land Essay: A Single Protagonist -- T.S. Eliot Waste Land Essays

The Waste Land: A Single Protagonist The idea of a single and unifying protagonist in The Waste Land was briefly proposed by Stanley Sultan in Ulysses, The Waste Land, and Modernism form. I would like to pursue this topic in greater depth. Part I presents no obstacles to reading the poem in this light. On the contrary, the hypothesis of a single speaker and performer adds shadow, depth, drama, and direction to everything in the movement. It discovers a poem of far more seriousness, profundity, and complexity. Certainly the original working title, "He Do the Police in Different Voices," implies the presence of a single speaker in the poem who is gifted at "taking off" the voices of others--just as the foundling named Sloppy in Dickens's Our Mutual Friend is, according to the doubtless biased and doting Betty Higden, "a beautiful reader of a newspaper. He do the police in different voices." This speaker has a flair for tones of criminality, sensationalism, and outrage--the whole gamut of abjection and judgment; or so the title implies. He shows a relish for such tones, he is virtuosic at rendering them. The working title was thus itself a harsh judgment on the protagonist (whom it travesties). All speech is abjection? The very impulse to perform voice is suspect? A complicity in the fascination of crime--say, murder? To create and to murder are near akin? These severe intimations are of a piece with the contemptus mundi of the poem. The hypothesis of an all-centering, autobiographical protagonist-narrator is not only consistent with the working title; it explains the confident surfacing, in the latter part of the poem, of an unmistakable religious pilgrim. Unless this p... ...ough up, a phlegm of speech. By imbuing his protagonist with his own auditory and vocal genius of participation in the abjectness of his times and in approaches to the Absolute (for "the silence" must be heard, and speech must edge it), Eliot made his poem a barometer sensitive both to the foggy immediate air and to the atmospheric pressure high and far off, the "thunder of spring over distant mountains" (part 5). A group or medley of voices cannot attend to a charged, remote silence; for that a single protagonist was necessary, one who could both "do" the group and find in himself the anguish and strength to leave it, repressing the fatal impulse (as Moody puts it) "towards a renewal of human love" and seeking, instead, the Love Omnipotent. He Do the Police in Different Voices: The Waste Land and Its Protagonist. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1986.

Marijuana and College Students Essay -- Marijuana Students Pot

Marijuana and College Students Marijuana may control the way people act, think, and even hurt their college academics. Marijuana is one of the most popular used drugs in America ranking about third after tobacco and alcohol. Marijuana is a substance that has become very much a part of American culture; many college students have either used it occasionally or regularly. With that in mind, I thought it would be interesting to find out about students at Indiana University of Pennsylvania (IUP) and their use of marijuana. In fact most students might not even know what they are smoking and what exactly makes them feel the way they do. Exactly what is marijuana? Marijuana is made of the dried leaves and flowers of the female cannabis sativa plant, and looks like oregano. There are many different marijuana preparations that are widely used to obtain effects. It can be either smoked or taken by mouth. Marijuana can be smoked in the form of a hand-rolled cigarette ("joint" or "reefer") it is also smoked in a variety of pipes. Hashish (hash) is a dried-caked resin from the flowers and leaves of the plant. It is sold in chunks and cubes, and its color range from light brown to black. Hashish is often blended with tobacco and smoked. It is more potent than marijuana because it contains a higher concentration of THC. THC is the main ingredient in all cannabis preparations. The more THC cannabis contains, the stronger it is. The effects of marijuana are similar to alcohol intoxication. Small amounts can make you relaxed and generally less inhibited yet some users say that it enhances the experiences of music, food and sex. After hearing all about how college students feel about marijuana I wanted to find out for myself, so... ...re lighting up next time. Maybe they will wonder just what harm they have done to their body already. Many people that smoke marijuana have the effects that are discussed in this paper. It can plainly be seen, their lack of motivation and kind of "spacey ness" that is commonly associated with marijuana smoking. I often wonder what these people would be like if they stopped their use and allowed themselves to rid their body of the drug and its by-products. Marijuana use is still very popular throughout the United States, and the fact that people are not educated enough about its effects is very detrimental. These people are hurting themselves, and they don't know (and many just don't care) what they are doing to their bodies. If marijuana use continues to grow too much, we may have a country of unmotivated people, with many more health problems. Where will we be then?

How Stalin rose to the top of the USSR Essay

Following the death of Lenin on 22nd January 1924, Stalin, ‘man of steel’, rose to the top of the USSR through a combination of luck and by using his political skills. Therefore by Stalin’s fiftieth birthday he had now achieved for himself complete control over the USSR. Stalin’s rise to power can be put down to his ruthlessness; he would not have gained power had it not been for his brutal nature, however there were many factors that contributed to Stalin’s success. Stalin had the characteristics of a dictator from childhood, in the sense that he was unable to cope with defeat or admit that he was wrong. This definitely assisted him in his quest to become ruler of the USSR. Stalin first became noticed in 1905 after he first joined the communists and helped to raise funds by robbing banks and looting trains. During the civil war Stalin stayed loyal and during this time he forcibly seized grain from farmers in the South in order to feed the workers in the North. As a reward for this Lenin then made him responsible for the Red Army in the south during the Civil War. This brought him into conflict with Trotsky. This meant that already Stalin had made a name for himself and had been recognised by Lenin as someone who was reliable and who had impressive dictatorship skills, this is why Lenin gave him a job as Commander in Chief during the civil war. Later on in 1922 Stalin then achieved promotion to General Secretary, this was a fairly boring job, however it was still within the politburo and it keep Stalin busy every day. As this was not really a position of authority using his manipulative skills Stalin makes the job have a greater political influence, which thus wins himself a good level of authority. Stalin wanted to do all of the poor organisations jobs that everyone else thought were boring, this was the first manipulative move that Stalin took and by having small jobs and by making them sound better Stalin was now becoming more noticed by the people and he was getting some respect, which he eventually used to help him rise to power. If Stalin was to be leader of the USSR then this meant that Lenin would have to be out the way. Lenin suffered several strokes in 1922 and 1923 that left him paralysed and eventually in 1924 he died. If Stalin was to become leader he had to overcome his main opposition for power, which was Trotsky. The funeral of Lenin was organised by Stalin and he also lead the mourning. This was to create an image to the public that Stalin was close to the deceased however in hindsight we know that he only did this to boost his chance of becoming the next leader. Trotsky was nowhere to be seen at Lenin’s funeral and had nothing to do with the preparations and many people saw this move by Trotsky as a sign of disrespect and the public now saw Stalin as the better of the two. However Stalin was thought to have told Trotsky the wrong date for the funeral and Trotsky said that he was away at his holiday home recovering from an illness. Whether this was true or not either way it was a strange move by Trotsky not to turn up, as that now put Stalin in the driving seat for the power of the USSR. Before Lenin died, he wrote a letter to the Party Congress that outlined his ideas for the future. In this letter he also gave his opinions on the members of the Politburo including Stalin and Trotsky, the two main contenders for the leadership of the USSR. After Lenin had died, the letter became know as Lenin’s Testament. Had it been made public at the time it had the potential to destroy Stalin’s claim to power as this document showed exactly what Lenin thought of Stalin. At the time Lenin obviously felt that Trotsky was the most suitable successor for the reign as in his testament Lenin described Trotsky as ‘a man with outstanding ability’ and he also thought Trotsky was ‘perhaps the most capable man in the Central Committee’. Lenin saw Stalin as ‘too rude’ and he wanted Stalin to ‘be removed from his post as General Secretary’. Meanwhile Stalin must have been shaken when he heard about what Lenin had to say about him. What Lenin thought of these two candidates was crucial, as the public would not want an enemy of Lenin’s to be the next leader. This is why Stalin appeared to be very close to Lenin and stand by him. However in spite of these comments the Testament was not made public. The Leftists – Zinoviev and Kanenev protested that it was out of date and so a visibly disturbed Stalin was rescued and the truth did not reach the Soviet people. Because the public did not know what Lenin really thought of Stalin, they still saw Stalin as a commendable replacement to Lenin. What Zinoviev and Kanenev did was an important part of Stalin’s pursuit to get to power because had the testament been released, the public would have disliked Stalin as they worshiped Lenin. The two main contenders for the leadership of the USSR, Stalin and Trotsky were now involved in a feud with each other. This help Stalin claim power in the way that now the public were on his side and Trotsky now frightened many people in the USSR. Trotsky had the idea of spreading socialism across the world; he argued that the future security of the USSR lay in trying to spread permanent revolution across the world until the whole globe was Communist. Many people in the USSR believed that Trotsky would involve them in future wars and conflicts. Stalin emerged as Lenin’s successor because of his policies, these were met with greater approval than Trotsky’s ideas, as Stalin argued that in future, the Party should try to establish Socialism in One Country rather than Trotsky’s idea which was to try to spread revolution worldwide, this was very popular. Socialism in one country was the idea that communism shouldn’t be spread across the world but that the politburo should concentrate on just having it in Russia. As the Soviet people were scared of years of war and revolution Stalin seemed to be the man who understood their feeling and did what the public wanted. In 1925, Trotsky gave up his only symbol of power when he resigned from his position as Commissar for War. He now had nothing and because the war was over, the future was looking bleaker for him. Stalin, because of this, was now the favourite to become the next controller of the USSR. With Trotsky now out of the way, Stalin was now on course to take the leadership of the USSR, he uses his relationship and his positions of authority with other members of the Politburo extremely well. Stalin successfully played both the leftists and the rightist in the Politburo; he did this by using his friends who owed him favours. In 1927 Stalin first joined the rightists and attacked the left removing all the important members from the office, then a year later he joined the leftists and attacked the right, forcing out his opponents and bringing in some of his own allies who would support him. By doing this Stalin was now the most senior member of the Politburo. This was a huge step towards his aim and put him in pole position to become the next dictator. In conclusion I believe that Stalin achieved total power over the USSR through a combination of political scheming, luck, the mistakes of his opponents and the clever way in which he built up his power base. Each event that leads up to Stalin’s dictatorship was just as important as the next; he got to power through a combination of all of these. If any of the steps to his reign had been missing, there is no doubt that he would not have been in control of the USSR and been able to cause the damage he did.

DBQ: Growth Of Political Parties Essay

In current times, the American political system is most commonly associated with the ongoing conflicts between political parties. The two major parties that strive for control of the American vote are the Democrats and the Republicans. However, when our government was formed, the political parties were quite different. At first, politicians tried to stay away from political parties, but by creating a democratic government, a political party system could not be avoided. The two recognized parties were the Democratic-Republicans, led by Thomas Jefferson, and the Federalists, led by Alexander Hamilton. Political parties separated the country. Washington had tried to prevent them from rising up, but due to extreme differences in views, his attempt was futile. Hamilton’s strong central government idea contrasted with Jefferson’s strong state side government. Sides were taken, and differences were debated. Without a compromise, each party would continue to try and impose their beliefs on the American people. The Democratic-Republicans appealed more to the common man, whereas the Federalists favored wealthy aristocrats. Financially, the Federalists were much more powerful than the Democratic-Republicans. The wealthy merchants were voted into office originally because of their social and economic status. Prior to Jefferson’s administration, many politicians were not publicly known like today. This led to Washington and Adam’s government being controlled by the Federalists. Jefferson would win the people and presidency. Jefferson and his supporters would control the government, ensuring that America would remain a democracy. Alexander Hamilton was Washington’s Secretary of Treasury. Over the course of Washington’s presidency, Hamilton proposed and passed some federalist bills. These bills led to a public distrust of the Federalist Party. Therefore causing a large portion of the country to side with the Democratic-Republicans. Hamilton’s party feared the Democratic-Republicans, saying â€Å"†Ã‚ ¦. the views of these gentlemen [Democratic-Republicans] are â€Å" ¦ unsound and dangerous.† Hamilton’s lack of faith in the other party caused him to impose more Federalist bills and limit the power of the common man. In retaliation to these new laws, many men began to express their distrust in the government through the newspapers. The Alien and Sedition Acts was  the most controversial bill passed by the federalists. As stated by John Allen, a Federalist Congressman, in 1798 â€Å"†Ã‚ ¦. Papers printed in this city and elsewhere [which print] the most shameless falsehoods against the representatives of the people†Ã‚ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  The Federalists feared the common man’s power to persuade others into becoming Democratic-Republicans. Washington’s Secretary of State, Thomas Jefferson, was the leader of the Democratic-Republican Party. As Jefferson wrote in a memo to himself in 1790, â€Å"†Ã‚ ¦Hamilton was not only a monarchist, but [in support] of a monarchy†Ã‚ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  Jefferson had not only publicly discredited Hamilton and the Federalist Party, but in private he also felt the same distrust. Jefferson also talked about the bills that Hamilton passed in his speeches, â€Å"The excise tax is an infernal one â€Å" ¦ and has now associated to it a detestation of the government.† After Hamilton’s biggest mistake, allowing the Alien and Sedition Acts to be passed, Jefferson easily won support from the common man. Even members of the government began to support Jefferson and his beliefs. As George Hay, a member of the Virginia State Legislature, said in 1799, â€Å"The freedom of the press â€Å" ¦ means the total exemption of the press from any kind of legislative control, and consequently the Sedition Bill â€Å" ¦ is an abridgement of its liberty†Ã‚ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  There were many differences in political views between Hamilton and Jefferson; this led to the formation of the political parties, and Hamilton’s poor choice of governing led to the popularity and the distinction of the two parties. Even though Washington attempted to forewarn us about the dangers of political parties, compromises could not be met, and therefore differences in beliefs will become actions; as demonstrated in the history of America’s government.

Consumer Durables and Nondurables

Analysis The definition of consumer durables and nondurables Consumer durables involve many kinds of products that is purchased by consumers, it is manufactured for long-term use. Such as: car, furniture and so on. But consumer nondurables are opposite. It is expendable goods purchases by consumers for their daily or short-term use. Such as: clothing, shoes and so on. The characteristics of consumer purchase Because of consumer durables has long-term use, and comparing with consumer nondurables, price is higher, so consumer purchase behavior is more cautious. There are some reasons. First of all, much more selectivity cause consumers are hard to make decision. Secondly, because of there are a lot of different brand, so they will carefully compare the various brands of cost performance, generally, consumer focus on the quality, service, and brand reputation. Finally, consumers can not buy from nearest store, they are willing to go to large scale shopping malls. But consumer nondurable is opposite. There are some features of consumer nondurables. Because of nondurables goods are short-term use, it can be daily product, such as towels, soap and so on, so consumer is willing to buy those at nearest store. Also, it can be visual product, when consumer decide to buy it, they might be affected by packing and store’s ambience, which means consumer can make decision easily. On the other hand, consumer has less loyalty for brand, they usually change same product with different brand. So we can sum up some features about consumer purchase habit, which are easy, fast, impulsive and emotional. Main characteristics of market Consumer durables: For product advertising strategy, company usually focus on product exhibition and display as much as possible, also they must have a large scale warehouse for inventory Consumer nondurables: For advertising strategy, Company is willing to choose outdoor billboards in the down and some crowded place, or promote on the internet. They don’t need large size warehouse for inventory.

A significant event that occured in my life Essay

A significant event that occured in my life - Essay Example However, the contentment on having an ‘A’ did not last for long. Dad: I expected something better than an ‘A’ this time; no wonder you always let me down! Me: I’ll try harder next time, I am sorry. Dad: You better do, it is for your own good. Surely my father wanted to see a more successful person than I was. I greatly appreciated my father’s encouragement yet expected a bit of appreciation. I understood his urge to see a prosperous and winning person as his son. Whatsoever happened, it encouraged me on exerting more energy, time and efforts to achieve a better result. The whole academic year went with only one aim in mind, i.e. to attain a smile on my father’s face. The only possibility I could see to accomplish this aim was through attaining a better result. The struggles whole year resulted in satisfactory exam attempts. I hoped for good results as I did quite well in the examinations. My class performance was a standing example of my hard work. My teachers, friends and relatives appreciated me on every little achievement during my academic career. My aim, though, was to satisfy a person who was the hardest to please. I knew he wanted a better end result and does not appreciate these little achievements that I had. Walking ahead towards the car garage, the voice echoed once again and I smiled with a deep satisfaction on my results and achievements this time. The feeling of finally satisfying my father with the achievement of a full scholarship grew stronger. My uncontrollable feeling of happiness and urge for sharing the news with my father could not wait for him to enter the house. With the throbbing heart and a continuously smiling face I met my father in the car garage. My existence in the car garage was surprising for my father, but I was certain that my achievement is a better surprise and would fade away the presence of any other factor. With an astonishing expression, my father greeted me yet remained per plexed. I knew I had never given him any better than what I achieved that day. I expected the appreciating words any father can have for his son on having a scholarship. Like any other person, I was sure of some soothing words, a wholehearted smile and a sense of pride he would have for his son’s achievement. Without any delays, I disclosed the news of my achievement. Me: Guess what, I have got a full scholarship. I am one of the toppers at school. (I finally spoke up with uncontrollable emotions and in a passionate voice) Dad: Good, so when are you leaving? (The ever cold voice and emotionless response I heard) Me: I will discuss it in the evening. (I hardly uttered while he was busy locking the car). Sitting in my room I reviewed my life. When was the last time I went for vacations without having the cold voice demanding better grades and higher marks in my educational career? When was the last time I partied with friends for longer hours like others did? There were numerou s questions in my mind regarding my struggles and a greater number of awards and achievements which went unnoticed. The feeling that I had a few minutes back vanished like it never existed. I was badly hurt. My emotional state that moment was no better than a hungry man getting a loaf after days which is later found to be made of plastic, which is neither edible nor of any use. All my struggles went unnoticed. My achievement meant nothing but another hopeless attempt to bring a smile on my father’s face. The morale remains high as long as a person’

The security properties of network applications Assignment

The security properties of network applications - Assignment Example That is; confidentiality, integrity and availability of data to the right person. Not only will this report cover the network applications security, but it will also look into the network applications architecture and how this architecture can be best implemented so as to ensure data confidentiality, data integrity and data availability. For this case study, BF is a social network application that aids individuals to have a social forum with other people. Through that, an interested individual will have to register with BF so that they can be in a position to communicate with other individuals through the use of text and sending of images and videos. 1.2 Application description What are network applications? These are programs that run on a network and they allow for more than one user to have access to the program. Network applications can either be run online or offline. Offline network applications can be related to programs such as Office. These programs can be installed and/ or networked from the main server so that they can allow more that one individual to have access to using the program. When it comes to online network applications, these are applications that need an online server and a client; both of which must communicate in real time else they will no longer be referred to as online network applications. In this case, there is a server which is located in the data centre. The server stores all the relevant data and information that may be queried by a client. The client on most occasions could be a web browser or another computer/ laptop/ or gadget. How does BF work? What is the user experience of BF? Based on the above application description, the same ideology can be applied to our case; that is the BF social network application program. It is important to note that BF also uses the same application description where there exists a server and a client. The servers (s) are always located in the data centre. This is to ensure that they are not acc essed by individuals who are not authorised to come into contact with them. In addition to that, the client in this instance will be the web browser that the user will use so as to key in the Universal Resource Locator (URL) of BF. Example: http: //www.BF.com Once the user hits the search button from their web browser, that will send a request for the search of the URL (http: //www.BF.com) and the corresponding BF server will respond to the request by providing that particular web page that the user searched for. After that, the user will register/ sign up with BF by providing their personal details such as: their email address, physical address and real names. Assumptions made about BF: Based on the BF social network application program, some of the assumptions that can be made include: Communication concurrency: Due to the fact that BF is an online social network application, information is prone to be exchanged between the server and the client. With that, communication concurren cy should be adhered to strictly. An assumption is that the lack of communication concurrency between the server and the client will lead to data loss. Stability: Stability is critical to a social network application program. Lack of stability can cause huge losses due to downtime of the program. This is majorly caused when the servers cannot handle user’s overwhelming requests. Data security: There is exchange of data between the server and the client. Therefore, data security should be critically analysed. An assumption is